Références pour l'ensemble de la page: "Race differences in intelligence. An evolutionary Analysis", Chapitre 12 pp.101-109, Richard Lynn, Washington Summit Publisher, 2006.
Native americans (Amérindiens)
Les amérindiens sont les indigènes des Amériques. Cavalli-Sforza, Menozzi et Piazza ont confirmé que les amérindiens formaient un cluster génétique distinct.
-
1. Q.I des amérindiens en Amérique du nord
-
2. Q.I des amérindiens en Amérique Latine
-
3. Q.I des hybrides amérindiens-européens
-
4. Capacité crânienne des amérindiens et des européens
-
5. Q.I des hispaniques
1. Q.I des amérindiens en Amérique du nord
La valeur moyenne est de 86.
Table 12.1. IQs of Native Americans in North America
|
|
Location
|
Age
|
N
|
Test
|
g
|
Reas
|
Verb
|
Vis
|
Reference
|
|
1
|
USA
|
6-11
|
715
|
Otis
|
86
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
Hunter & Sommermier, 1922
|
|
2
|
USA
|
9-13
|
1,102
|
National
|
69
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
Garth, 1925
|
|
3
|
USA
|
5-9
|
961
|
Pinter/Nat
|
85
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
Haught, 1934
|
|
4
|
USA
|
9-14
|
1,000
|
Otis
|
70
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
Garth and Smith, 1937
|
|
5
|
USA
|
6-11
|
323
|
McArthur
|
88
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
Havighurst et al., 1944
|
|
6
|
USA
|
6-13
|
205
|
CPM
|
93
|
93
|
-
|
-
|
Turner & Penfold, 1952
|
|
7
|
USA
|
16-17
|
100
|
WAIS
|
86
|
-
|
82
|
91
|
Howell et al., 1958
|
|
8
|
USA
|
6-15
|
281
|
SPM
|
85
|
85
|
-
|
-
|
West & MacArthur, 1964
|
|
9
|
USA
|
8-17
|
4,994
|
-
|
91
|
91
|
87
|
-
|
Coleman, 1966
|
|
10
|
Canada
|
6-14
|
124
|
CF
|
76
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
Gaddes et al., 1968
|
|
11
|
Canada
|
12-14
|
137
|
SPM
|
94
|
94
|
|
-
|
Bowd, 1973
|
|
12
|
Canada
|
5-11
|
l 11
|
CPM
|
92
|
92
|
-
|
-
|
Cropley & Cardey, 1975
|
|
13
|
USA
|
6-20
|
160
|
WISC
|
90
|
-
|
70
|
90
|
St. John et al., 1976
|
|
14
|
Canada
|
6-13
|
177
|
WISC-R
|
82
|
-
|
80
|
85
|
Seyfort et al., 1980
|
|
15
|
USA
|
6-13
|
177
|
WISC-R
|
87
|
-
|
-
|
87
|
Teeter et al., 1982
|
|
16
|
USA
|
6-12
|
236
|
WISC-R
|
94
|
-
|
88
|
100
|
McShane & Plas, 1984
|
|
17
|
USA
|
6-16
|
200
|
WISC-R
|
93
|
-
|
-
|
93
|
Browne, 1984
|
|
18
|
USA
|
13-15
|
124
|
SPM
|
87
|
87
|
-
|
-
|
Sidles & MacAvoy, 1987
|
|
19
|
USA
|
6-16
|
1,129
|
SPM
|
93
|
93
|
-
|
-
|
Raven & Court, 1989
|
|
20
|
USA
|
6-16
|
240
|
WISC-R
|
86
|
-
|
73
|
86
|
Reynolds et al., 1999
|
|
21
|
USA
|
6-15
|
691
|
WISC-R
|
80
|
|
83
|
89
|
Beiser & Gotowiec, 2000
|
2. Q.I des amérindiens en Amérique Latine
La valeur moyenne est de 86.
Table 12.3. IQs of Native Americans in Latin America
|
|
Location
|
Age
|
N
|
Test
|
g
|
Reference
|
|
1
|
Colombia
|
4
|
120
|
QR
|
84
|
Ginsburg et al., 1997
|
|
2
|
Ecuador
|
6-7
|
48
|
DAM
|
89
|
Dodge, 1969
|
|
3
|
Ecuador
|
17
|
120
|
WISC-R
|
88
|
Fierro-Benitez et al., 1989
|
|
4
|
Ecuador
|
5-17
|
104
|
MAT
|
80
|
Proctor et al., 2000
|
|
5
|
Ecuador
|
8
|
41
|
CPM
|
91
|
Counter et al., 1998
|
|
6
|
Guatemala
|
6-12
|
256
|
DAM
|
79
|
Johnson et al., 1967
|
|
7
|
Mexico
|
6-13
|
520
|
DAM
|
87
|
Modiano, 1962
|
|
8
|
Mexico
|
6-12
|
197
|
DAM
|
92
|
Laosa et al., 1974
|
|
9
|
Mexico
|
7-11
|
194
|
SPM
|
83
|
Lynn et al., 2005
|
|
10
|
Peru
|
8-11
|
4,382
|
CPM
|
87
|
Raven et al., 1995
|
|
11
|
Peru
|
6-7
|
300
|
WISC
|
85
|
Llanos, 1974
|
3. Q.I des hybrides amérindiens-européens
Table 12.4. IQs of Native American-European Hybrids
|
|
Location |
Age |
Test |
Europeans |
Hybrids |
Amerinds |
Reference |
|||
|
N |
IQ |
N |
IQ |
N |
IQ |
|||||
|
1 |
Kansas |
Adult |
OTIS |
- |
100 |
536 |
93 |
179 |
67 |
Hunter & Sommermeir, 1922 |
|
2 |
South Dakota |
10-15 |
OTIS |
- |
100 |
68 |
89 |
15 |
86 |
Fitzgerald & Ludeman, 1925 |
|
3 |
Mexico |
7-10 |
SPM |
155 |
98 |
571 |
94 |
194 |
83 |
Lynn et al., 2005 |
4. Capacité crânienne des amérindiens en comparaison avec les européens
Table 12.5. Brain sizes (cc) of Native Americans and Europeans
|
|
Europeans
|
Native Americans
|
Difference
|
Reference
|
|
1
|
1,426
|
1,420
|
6
|
Gould, 1981
|
|
2
|
1,369
|
1,366
|
3
|
Beals et al., 1984
|
|
3
|
1,319
|
1,240
|
79
|
Jurgens et al., 1990
|
5. Q.I des hispaniques (hybrides noir-européen-amérindiens dans des proportions variés)
La valeur moyenne est de 89.
Table 12.6. IQs of Hispanics in the United States
|
|
Location
|
Age
|
N
|
Test
|
g
|
Reas
|
Verb
|
Vis
|
Reference
|
|
1
|
New Mexico
|
6-12
|
100
|
Binet
|
89
|
|
|
-
|
Sheldon, 1924
|
|
2
|
USA
|
6-12
|
367
|
DAM
|
87
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
Goodenough, 1926b
|
|
3
|
California
|
6-13
|
2,025
|
SPM/LT/SA
|
91
|
91
|
90
|
-
|
Jensen, 1973
|
|
4
|
California
|
6-12
|
644
|
CPM/PPVT
|
90
|
90
|
84
|
-
|
Jensen, 1974
|
|
5
|
California
|
7-13
|
608
|
CPM/SPM
|
95
|
95
|
-
|
-
|
Jensen, 1974
|
|
6
|
California
|
6-11
|
597
|
CPM
|
83
|
83
|
-
|
-
|
Raven, 1986
|
|
7
|
Texas
|
6-11
|
434
|
CPM
|
94
|
94
|
-
|
-
|
Raven, 1986
|
|
8
|
Texas
|
9-12
|
404
|
SPM
|
84
|
84
|
-
|
-
|
Raven, 1986
|
|
9
|
USA
|
12-23
|
111
|
SB4
|
99
|
99
|
-
|
-
|
Thorndike et al., 1986
|
|
10
|
USA
|
3-18
|
550
|
PPVT-R
|
87
|
-
|
87
|
-
|
Dunn, 1988
|
|
11
|
Puerto Rico
|
8-15
|
2,911
|
SPM
|
84
|
84
|
-
|
-
|
Raven & Court, 1989
|
|
12
|
Puerto Rico
|
5-11
|
2,400
|
SPM
|
83
|
83
|
-
|
-
|
Raven et al., 1995
|
|
13
|
USA
|
20-90
|
37
|
K-BIT
|
93
|
93
|
85
|
-
|
Kaufman & Wang, 1992
|
|
14
|
USA
|
14-22
|
3,120
|
AFQT
|
86
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
Herrnstein & Murray, 1994
|
|
15
|
USA
|
11-93
|
140
|
KAIT
|
92
|
92
|
87
|
-
|
Kaufman et al., 1994
|
|
16
|
USA
|
16-74
|
1,736
|
GATB
|
88
|
-
|
91
|
94
|
Avolio & Waldman, 1994
|
|
17
|
USA
|
6-16
|
242
|
WISC-111
|
91
|
-
|
89
|
95
|
Prifitera et al., 1998
|
|
18
|
Arizona
|
6-16
|
223
|
WISC-R
|
81
|
-
|
81
|
83
|
Reynolds et al., 1999
|
|
19
|
USA
|
20-89
|
163
|
WAIS-111
|
92
|
-
|
89
|
96
|
Kaufman & Lichtenberger, 2002
|
|
20
|
USA
|
Adults
|
-
|
Meta-analysis
|
89
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
Roth et al., 2001
|
Références pour l'ensemble de la page: "Race differences in intelligence. An evolutionary Analysis", Chapitre 12 pp.101-109, Richard Lynn, Washington Summit Publisher, 2006.